New Year's presents for 1868, from "News of the Day"
Original title: New Year's presents for 1868, from "News of the Day"
kurzbeschreibung
Honoré Daumier’s lithograph “New Year’s Gifts for 1868,” made on December 23, 1867, offers an allegorical vision of Europe surrounded by warriors. Printed as a lithograph on newsprint, the work is the second of two states (Delteil). The satire targets the political tensions of the day.
Description
A figure representing Europe sits enthroned on an armchair, index finger raised as if about to make a declaration. Roman-style robes and a crown identify her. Before her, warriors crowd together with rifles and shields; some look exhausted, others eager for action. Scattered bullets and cannons on the ground heighten the warlike mood. The layout arranges the figures in military formation, clearly structured and kept in a caricatural, satirical vein.
Context
The print was made for the French satirical magazine “Le Charivari,” where Daumier’s series “News of the Day” (Actualités) appeared. Drawn shortly before the turn of 1867, it takes up European frictions, especially the looming threat of war between France and Prussia. Through the figure of Europe, Daumier casts a critical eye on the political situation. It was printed on newsprint, as cheap mass production required.
Impact
The contrast between the level-headed, warning Europe and the agitated warriors shapes the viewer’s impression. Caricatural exaggeration gives the print political urgency and prompts reflection. A clear layout and precise lithography sharpen the opposition between peace and war.
Technique
For the lithograph, the motif was drawn on the stone with greasy chalk and then transferred to paper. Printing on newsprint allowed inexpensive reproduction. Daumier’s lithographic method is marked by precise detail and an even distribution of light and lines.
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Source: Metropolitan Museum of Art · Public Domain (CC0 1.0)